Journal of Leukocyte Biology Myeloid cells, immune suppression, tumor immunology
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Published online before print May 10, 2007
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© 2007 by The Society for Leukocyte Biology
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, doi:10.1189/jlb.1206752

Received for publication December 22, 2006.
Revised April 13, 2007.
Accepted for publication April 17, 2007.

Article

Pivotal Advance: Endogenous pathway to SIRS, sepsis, and related conditions

Amy H. Tang *{dagger}{ddagger}, Gregory J. Brunn *{sect}, Marilia Cascalho *{dagger}||¶, and Jeffrey L. Platt *{dagger}||¶@

*Transplantation Biology Program and the Departments of {dagger}Surgery, {ddagger}Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, {sect}Pharmacology, ||Immunology, and Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

@ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Platt.jeffrey{at}mayo.edu.


  Abstract

TLRs are usually thought to recognize substances produced by microorganisms and thus, to initiate host defenses. This concept, however, fails to explain some functions of this family of receptors. Recognition of endogenous substances may explain the broader functions of TLRs in physiology and disease. Activation of TLRs by endogenous substances necessitates vigorous control of the function of the receptors. This communication will summarize a line of research, which points to an endogenous agonist for TLR4 and a putative mechanism for controlling the function of that receptor.

Key Words: Toll-like receptors • systemic inflammatory response syndrome • heparan sulfate


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Copyright © 2007 by the Society for Leukocyte Biology.