Published online before print January 14, 2004
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Article |
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
@ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dave_segal{at}nih.gov.
The activation of dendritic cells (DC) via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) plays a decisive role in shaping the outcome of primary immune responses. Following TLR engagement by microbial products, DC migrate from peripheral tissues to lymphoid organs and up-regulate major histocompatibility complex and costimulatory molecules, acquiring the unique capacity to prime pathogen-specific, naïve T cells. In addition, DC determine the character of the ensuing immune response by secreting cytokines that drive the development of T cells into T helper cell type 1 (Th1), Th2, or T regulatory effector cells. Three major factors influence the pattern of cytokines released by DC and accordingly, the Th balance: the lineage to which DC belong; the maturation stimulus; and inflammatory mediators present at the site of infection. A major focus of this review is the capacity of DC to integrate these factors and elicit distinct classes of immune responses.
Key Words: Toll-like receptors • innate immunity • cytokines • infection
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  F. Antignano, M. Ibaraki, C. Kim, J. Ruschmann, A. Zhang, C. D. Helgason, and G. Krystal SHIP Is Required for Dendritic Cell Maturation J. Immunol., March 15, 2010; 184(6): 2805 - 2813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Evrard, D. Balestrino, A. Dosgilbert, J.-L. J. Bouya-Gachancard, N. Charbonnel, C. Forestier, and A. Tridon Roles of Capsule and Lipopolysaccharide O Antigen in Interactions of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells and Klebsiella pneumoniae Infect. Immun., January 1, 2010; 78(1): 210 - 219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Chamorro, J. J. Garcia-Vallejo, W. W. J. Unger, R. J. Fernandes, S. C. M. Bruijns, S. Laban, B. O. Roep, B. A. 't Hart, and Y. van Kooyk TLR Triggering on Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Results in TLR2 Up-Regulation and a Reduced Proinflammatory Immune Program J. Immunol., September 1, 2009; 183(5): 2984 - 2994. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. P. Longhi, C. Trumpfheller, J. Idoyaga, M. Caskey, I. Matos, C. Kluger, A. M. Salazar, M. Colonna, and R. M. Steinman Dendritic cells require a systemic type I interferon response to mature and induce CD4+ Th1 immunity with poly IC as adjuvant J. Exp. Med., July 6, 2009; 206(7): 1589 - 1602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Fujimi, P. H. Lapchak, Y. Zang, M. P. MacConmara, A. A. Maung, A. J. Delisle, J. A. Mannick, and J. A. Lederer Murine dendritic cell antigen-presenting cell function is not altered by burn injury J. Leukoc. Biol., May 1, 2009; 85(5): 862 - 870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Lombardi, L. Van Overtvelt, S. Horiot, and P. Moingeon Human Dendritic Cells Stimulated via TLR7 and/or TLR8 Induce the Sequential Production of Il-10, IFN-{gamma}, and IL-17A by Naive CD4+ T Cells J. Immunol., March 15, 2009; 182(6): 3372 - 3379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Karumuthil-Melethil, N. Perez, R. Li, and C. Vasu Induction of Innate Immune Response through TLR2 and Dectin 1 Prevents Type 1 Diabetes J. Immunol., December 15, 2008; 181(12): 8323 - 8334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.-C. Sheng, M. Kalkanidis, D. S. Pouniotis, M. D. Wright, G. A. Pietersz, and V. Apostolopoulos The Adjuvanticity of a Mannosylated Antigen Reveals TLR4 Functionality Essential for Subset Specialization and Functional Maturation of Mouse Dendritic Cells J. Immunol., August 15, 2008; 181(4): 2455 - 2464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. M. Gargano, J. M. Moser, and S. H. Speck Role for MyD88 Signaling in Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Latency J. Virol., April 15, 2008; 82(8): 3853 - 3863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Yamagami, S. Yokoo, S. Amano, and N. Ebihara Characterization of Bone Marrow Derived Cells in the Substantia Propria of the Human Conjunctiva Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., October 1, 2007; 48(10): 4476 - 4481. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. John and P. J. Nelson Dendritic Cells in the Kidney J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., October 1, 2007; 18(10): 2628 - 2635. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. E. Handley, J. Rasaiyaah, J. Barnett, M. Thakker, G. Pollara, D. R. Katz, and B. M. Chain Expression and function of mixed lineage kinases in dendritic cells Int. Immunol., August 13, 2007; (2007) dxm050v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. R. Faulhaber and P. J. Nelson Virus-Induced Cellular Immune Mechanisms of Injury to the Kidney Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2007; 2(Supplement_1): S2 - S5. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Ilievski, S.-J. Lu, and E. Hirsch Activation of Toll-like Receptors 2 or 3 and Preterm Delivery in the Mouse Reproductive Sciences, May 1, 2007; 14(4): 315 - 320. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Dijsselbloem, S. Goriely, V. Albarani, S. Gerlo, S. Francoz, J.-C. Marine, M. Goldman, G. Haegeman, and W. V. Berghe A Critical Role for p53 in the Control of NF-{kappa}B-Dependent Gene Expression in TLR4-Stimulated Dendritic Cells Exposed to Genistein J. Immunol., April 15, 2007; 178(8): 5048 - 5057. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Qian, H. An, Y. Yu, S. Liu, and X. Cao TLR agonists induce regulatory dendritic cells to recruit Th1 cells via preferential IP-10 secretion and inhibit Th1 proliferation Blood, April 15, 2007; 109(8): 3308 - 3315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Kosaka, D. Wakita, N. Matsubara, Y. Togashi, S.-I. Nishimura, H. Kitamura, and T. Nishimura AsialoGM1+CD8+ central memory-type T cells in unimmunized mice as novel immunomodulator of IFN-{gamma}-dependent type 1 immunity Int. Immunol., March 1, 2007; 19(3): 249 - 256. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. M. Tse, M. J. Milton, S. Schreiner, J. L. Profozich, M. Trucco, and J. D. Piganelli Disruption of Innate-Mediated Proinflammatory Cytokine and Reactive Oxygen Species Third Signal Leads to Antigen-Specific Hyporesponsiveness J. Immunol., January 15, 2007; 178(2): 908 - 917. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Wang, R. M. McLoughlin, B. A. Cobb, M. Charrel-Dennis, K. J. Zaleski, D. Golenbock, A. O. Tzianabos, and D. L. Kasper A bacterial carbohydrate links innate and adaptive responses through Toll-like receptor 2 J. Exp. Med., December 25, 2006; 203(13): 2853 - 2863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Yount, T. A. Kraus, C. M. Horvath, T. M. Moran, and C. B. Lopez A Novel Role for Viral-Defective Interfering Particles in Enhancing Dendritic Cell Maturation J. Immunol., October 1, 2006; 177(7): 4503 - 4513. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Mazzoni, R. P. Siraganian, C. A. Leifer, and D. M. Segal Dendritic Cell Modulation by Mast Cells Controls the Th1/Th2 Balance in Responding T Cells J. Immunol., September 15, 2006; 177(6): 3577 - 3581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. O. Dionne, A. B. Podany, Y. W. Ruiz, N. M. Ampel, J. N. Galgiani, and D. F. Lake Spherules Derived from Coccidioides posadasii Promote Human Dendritic Cell Maturation and Activation Infect. Immun., April 1, 2006; 74(4): 2415 - 2422. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. B. Lopez, J. S. Yount, and T. M. Moran Toll-Like Receptor-Independent Triggering of Dendritic Cell Maturation by Viruses J. Virol., April 1, 2006; 80(7): 3128 - 3134. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. N. Honko, N. Sriranganathan, C. J. Lees, and S. B. Mizel Flagellin Is an Effective Adjuvant for Immunization against Lethal Respiratory Challenge with Yersinia pestis Infect. Immun., February 1, 2006; 74(2): 1113 - 1120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. F. Legler, P. Krause, E. Scandella, E. Singer, and M. Groettrup Prostaglandin E2 Is Generally Required for Human Dendritic Cell Migration and Exerts Its Effect via EP2 and EP4 Receptors J. Immunol., January 15, 2006; 176(2): 966 - 973. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J H Chang, P J McCluskey, and D Wakefield Toll-like receptors in ocular immunity and the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory eye disease Br J Ophthalmol, January 1, 2006; 90(1): 103 - 108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Yamagami, S. Yokoo, T. Usui, H. Yamagami, S. Amano, and N. Ebihara Distinct Populations of Dendritic Cells in the Normal Human Donor Corneal Epithelium Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., December 1, 2005; 46(12): 4489 - 4494. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Tsung, R. A. Hoffman, K. Izuishi, N. D. Critchlow, A. Nakao, M. H. Chan, M. T. Lotze, D. A. Geller, and T. R. Billiar Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Involves Functional TLR4 Signaling in Nonparenchymal Cells J. Immunol., December 1, 2005; 175(11): 7661 - 7668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J. M. van Oosterhout and N. Bloksma Regulatory T-lymphocytes in asthma Eur. Respir. J., November 1, 2005; 26(5): 918 - 932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.-L. Chu and C. A. Lowell The Lyn Tyrosine Kinase Differentially Regulates Dendritic Cell Generation and Maturation J. Immunol., September 1, 2005; 175(5): 2880 - 2889. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. Salazar, C. D. Pope, M. W. Moore, J. Pope, T. G. Kiely, and J. D. Radolf Lipoprotein-Dependent and -Independent Immune Responses to Spirochetal Infection Clin. Vaccine Immunol., August 1, 2005; 12(8): 949 - 958. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Hirsch and H. Wang The Molecular Pathophysiology of Bacterially Induced Preterm Labor: Insights From the Murine Model Reproductive Sciences, April 1, 2005; 12(3): 145 - 155. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. De Creus, M. Abe, A. H. Lau, H. Hackstein, G. Raimondi, and A. W. Thomson Low TLR4 Expression by Liver Dendritic Cells Correlates with Reduced Capacity to Activate Allogeneic T Cells in Response to Endotoxin J. Immunol., February 15, 2005; 174(4): 2037 - 2045. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. S. K. Yee, Y. Yao, Q. Xu, B. McCarthy, D. Sun-Lin, M. Tone, H. Waldmann, and C.-H. Chang Enhanced Production of IL-10 by Dendritic Cells Deficient in CIITA J. Immunol., February 1, 2005; 174(3): 1222 - 1229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Y. Zhang, X. Ding, and R. A. Daynes The Expression of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type I by Lymphocytes Provides a Novel Means for Intracrine Regulation of Glucocorticoid Activities J. Immunol., January 15, 2005; 174(2): 879 - 889. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Jing, J.-H. Yen, and D. Ganea A Novel Signaling Pathway Mediates the Inhibition of CCL3/4 Expression by Prostaglandin E2 J. Biol. Chem., December 31, 2004; 279(53): 55176 - 55186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
