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Published online before print June 24, 2004

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© by The Society for Leukocyte Biology
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, doi:10.1189/jlb.0404228

Received for publication April 8, 2004.
Revised May 11, 2004.
Accepted for publication May 13, 2004.

Article

Eosinophils function as antigen-presenting cells

Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, People’s Republic of China

^@ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hzshi{at}tom.com.

	Abstract

Eosinophils release lipid mediators, including leukotriene C₄, platelet-activating factor, and liposins, and contain four distinct granule cationic proteins, major basic protein, eosinophil peroxidase, eosinophil cationic protein, and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, which may cause dysfunction and destruction of other cells. Eosinophils are primarily thought of as terminal effectors of allergic responses and of parasite elimination. Eosinophils are characteristically present within the airway lumina of asthmatics, and these airway eosinophils have been induced in vivo to express major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II) complexes and costimulatory molecules, which are required for T lymphocytes to be functionally activated. In in vitro experiments, eosinophils can process antigen and express the costimulatory molecules, and after cytokine-elicited induction of MHC-II, expression can function as antigen-presenting cells in stimulating T lymphocyte responses. Airway luminal eosinophils can migrate into draining paratracheal lymph nodes, localized to T cell-rich paracortical areas, and stimulate antigen-specific T cell proliferation in vivo within paratracheal lymph nodes, which was CD80- and CD86-dependent and limited to CD4⁺ T cells. Furthermore, eosinophils within the lumina of airways promote expansion of T helper cell type 2 (Th2) by presenting antigen, suggesting that eosinophils actively modulate immune responses by amplifying Th2 cell responses.

Key Words: lymphocytes • antigen • airway • Th1/Th2

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