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Published online before print July 25, 2007

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© by The Society for Leukocyte Biology
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, doi:10.1189/jlb.0307173

Received for publication March 19, 2007.
Revised June 13, 2007.
Accepted for publication June 19, 2007.

Article

Distribution and phenotype of rotavirus-specific B cells induced during the antigen-driven primary response to 2/6 virus-like particles administered by the intrarectal and the intranasal routes

Cyrille Di Martino ^*, Christelle Basset ^*, Agathe Ogier ^*, Annie Charpilienne , Didier Poncet , and Evelyne Kohli ^*@

*Laboratoire des Interactions Muqueuses-Agents transmissibles LIMA, UPR562, UFRs Médecine et Pharmacie, IFR 100 Santé-STIC, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France; and Virologie Moléculaire et Structurale UMR CNRS 2472 INRA 1157 Gif/Yvette, Gif/Yvette, France

^@ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: evelyne.kohli{at}u-bourgogne.fr.

	Abstract

Selection of mucosal sites is an important step in mucosal vaccine development. The intrarectal (IR) route represents an alternative to the oral route of immunization; nevertheless, immune responses induced by this route are not well defined. Here, we studied the early primary B cell response (induction, homing, and phenotype) induced by IR immunization with rotavirus (RV)-2/6 virus-like particles (VLP). Using flow cytometry, we traced RV-specific B cells in different lymphoid tissues and analyzed the expression of 47 and CCR9, which are important receptors for homing to the gut, as well as CD5, a marker expressed by B1-a cells, which are a major source of natural antibodies. We observed a massive, specific B cell response in rectal follicles, lumbar, and mesenteric lymph nodes but not in Peyer’s patches or cervical lymph nodes. A minority of cells expressed 47, suggesting a probable lack of migration to the gut, whereas CCR9 and CD5 were expressed by 30–50% and 30–75% of specific B cells, respectively. Then, we compared the intranasal route of immunization and observed similar B cell frequency and phenotype but in respiratory lymphoid tissues. These results confirm the high compartmentalization of B cell responses within the mucosal system. They show that CCR9 expression, conversely to 47, is not restricted to B cells induced in the gut. Finally, an important part of the RV-specific B cell response induced at the mucosal level during the primary response to VLP is most likely a result of B1-a cells.

Key Words: B-1a cells • mucosa • cell trafficking • vaccination • rodent