Journal of Leukocyte Biology Myeloid cells, immune suppression, tumor immunology
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Published online before print August 2, 2006
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© by The Society for Leukocyte Biology
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, doi:10.1189/jlb.0306232

Received for publication March 31, 2006.
Revised June 6, 2006.
Accepted for publication June 13, 2006.

Article

Comparative inflammatory properties of staphylococcal superantigenic enterotoxins SEA and SEG: implications for septic shock

Olivier Dauwalder *, Damien Thomas *, Tristan Ferry *, Anne-Lise Debard {dagger}, Cédric Badiou *, François Vandenesch *, Jerome Etienne *, Gerard Lina *, and Guillaume Monneret *{ddagger}@

*Université Claude Bernard, INSERM E230, IFR-62, Faculté de Médecine Laennec, Lyon, France; and {dagger}Hospices Civils de Lyon, CH Lyon-Sud, and {ddagger}Hôpital Neurologique, Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Lyon, France

@ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: guillaume.monneret{at}chu-lyon.fr.


  Abstract

The severity of Staphylococcus aureus sepsis is positively associated with staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) and negatively associated with the enterotoxin gene cluster (egc), which encodes five staphylococcal enterotoxins [1]. We postulated that the variable, clinical severity of S. aureus sepsis might be a result of differences in the inflammatory properties of staphylococcal superantigens. We therefore compared the inflammatory properties of SEA with those of staphylococcal entérotoxin G (SEG), a member of the five egc superantigens. We found that SEA and SEG had similar superantigenic properties, as they induced CD69 expression on T lymphocytes and selective expansion of V{beta} subpopulations. Contrary to SEG, however, SEA induced a strong proinflammatory/Th1 response, including TNF-{alpha} and MIP-1{alpha} production. These results suggest that the association of SEA with the severity of S. aureus septic shock, characterized by a deleterious, inflammatory cascade, may be explained partly by the specific proinflammatory properties of this superantigen.

Key Words: superantigens • bacterial • cytokines • chemokines • Staphylococcus aureus




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