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Published online before print April 30, 2007

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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2007;82:259-264.)
© 2007 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

The inflammasome in pathogen recognition and inflammation

Fayyaz S. Sutterwala^*,, Yasunori Ogura and Richard A. Flavell^,,1

Sections of
^* Infectious Diseases and
Immunobiology and the
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

¹ Correspondence: Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, TAC S-569, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. E-mail: richard.flavell{at}yale.edu

ABSTRACT

The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family of proteins is involved in the regulation of innate immune responses and cell death pathways. Some NLR family members promote the activation of proinflammatory caspases within multiprotein complexes, called inflammasomes. Recent studies analyzing mice deficient in various components of the inflammasome have provided insight into the role of these molecules in host defense against pathogens and in autoinflammatory disorders. Here, we review these studies and propose that membrane disruption leads to activation of the inflammasome.

Key Words: innate immunity • NLR • NALP3 • IPAF • caspase-1

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