Journal of Leukocyte Biology eBioscience full spectrum cell analysis
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Originally published online as doi:10.1189/jlb.0706438 on September 13, 2006

Published online before print September 13, 2006
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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2007;81:154-160.)
© 2007 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

Lipids in dendritic cell biology: messengers, effectors, and antigens

Martin Thurnher1

Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, and Kompetenzzentrum Medizin Tirol (KMT), Innsbruck, Austria

1Correspondence: Department of Urology and Kompetenzzentrum Medizin Tirol (KMT), Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. E-mail: martin.thurnher{at}uibk.ac.at

Dendritic cells (DC) are the most professional APC, which induce and coordinate immune responses. The principal task of DC is T cell activation, although DC also interact with and regulate other cell types. The present review serves to illustrate the increasing evidence that lipids play an important role in DC biology. In addition to being fuel stores and structural components of cellular membranes such as in other cell types, lipids act as second messengers and as effectors throughout all steps of DC differentiation and regulate important DC functions. The recent finding that DC synthesize lipid antigens in response to bacterial stimulation and induce antibacterial, CD1-restricted T cells through antigenic mimicry further emphasizes the important role of lipids and DC at the blurring boundaries of innate and adaptive immunity.

Key Words: phospholipids • sphingolipids • phospholipase A2 • prostaglandins • CD1 • antigen-presentation






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