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Published online before print February 9, 2005

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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2005;77:777-786.)
© 2005 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

Distribution and kinetics of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 and CXCR6 expression on human dendritic cell subsets and CD4⁺ T cells

Sumie Tabata^*, Norimitsu Kadowaki^*,1, Toshio Kitawaki^*, Takeshi Shimaoka, Shin Yonehara, Osamu Yoshie and Takashi Uchiyama^*

^* Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, and
Graduate School of Biostudies and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan; and
Department of Microbiology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan

¹ Correspondence: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. E-mail: kadowaki{at}kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Dendritic cells (DCs) coordinate T cell responses by producing T cell-attracting chemokines and by inducing the expression of chemokine receptors on T cells. Scavenger receptor for phosphatidylserine and oxidized lipoprotein (SR-PSOX)/CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) is a unique chemokine that also functions as an endocytic receptor and an adhesion molecule in its membrane-bound form. SR-PSOX/CXCL16 is the only known ligand of CXC chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) that is expressed on activated T cells and thus, may play an important role in enhancing effector functions of T cells. Here, we investigated the expression of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 on human DC subsets and that of CXCR6 on T cell subpopulations to elucidate the dynamics of CXCL16/CXCR6 interaction in DC/T cell responses. Membrane-bound SR-PSOX/CXCL16 was expressed on macrophages, monocyte-derived DCs, and blood myeloid DCs, and the expression increased after DC maturation. Myeloid antigen-presenting cells constitutively secreted SR-PSOX/CXCL16 for an extended period, suggesting the involvement of CXCL16 in peripheral and lymphoid tissues. Plasmacytoid DCs hardly expressed SR-PSOX/CXCL16 on their surfaces but secreted significant amounts of SR-PSOX/CXCL16. A subset of CD4⁺ effector memory T (T_EM) cells constitutively expressed CXCR6, whereas central memory T cells (T_CM) and naïve T cells did not. Upon stimulation with mature DCs, however, the expression of CXCR6 on T_CM cells was markedly up-regulated, whereas the expression on naïve T cells was induced only weakly. These results suggest that the interaction between SR-PSOX/CXCL16 and CXCR6 plays an important role in enhancing T_CM cell responses by mature DCs in lymphoid tissues and in augmenting T_EM cell responses by macrophages in peripheral inflamed tissues.

Key Words: antigen-presenting cells • chemokine • chemokine receptor

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