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© by The Society for Leukocyte Biology
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, doi:10.1189/jlb.0704409

Received for publication July 18, 2004.
Revised October 26, 2004.
Accepted for publication December 10, 2004.

Article

Psoriatic scales: a promising source for the isolation of human skin-derived antimicrobial proteins

Jürgen Harder @ and Jens-Michael Schröder

Clinical Research Unit at the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany

@ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jharder{at}dermatology.uni-kiel.de.


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Abstract

Patients with psoriasis, a chronic, hyperproliferative and noninfectious skin disease, suffer surprisingly fewer cutaneous infections than would be expected. This observation led us to the hypothesis that a local "chemical shield" in the form of antimicrobial proteins provides psoriatic skin with resistance against infection. We subsequently began a systematic analysis of in vitro antimicrobially active proteins in psoriatic-scale extracts. A biochemical approach with rigorous purification and characterization combined with antimicrobial testing identified a number of mostly new human antibiotic peptides and proteins. In this review, we will focus on the most prominent antimicrobial proteins in psoriatic-scale extracts, which we identified as the S100-protein psoriasin, human {beta}-defensin 2 (hBD-2), RNase 7, lysozyme, and human neutrophil defensin 1-3. Apart from these cutaneous, antimicrobial proteins, only a few others, including hBD-3, have been characterized. A great number of minor antimicrobial proteins await further structural characterization.

Key Words: innate immunity • psoriasis




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