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Originally published online as doi:10.1189/jlb.0308178 on September 2, 2008

Published online before print September 2, 2008
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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2008;84:1521-1529.)
© 2008 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

Interleukin-6 acts in the fashion of a classical chemokine on monocytic cells by inducing integrin activation, cell adhesion, actin polymerization, chemotaxis, and transmigration

Thomas Clahsen and Fred Schaper1

Department of Biochemistry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

1 Correspondence: Department of Biochemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52072 Aachen, Germany. E-mail: schaper{at}rwth-aachen.de

Macrophages contribute to the innate immune response by eliminating bacteria, viral particles, and apoptotic bodies. They develop from circulating monocytes. In case of an infection, monocytes attach to the endothelial cells of the blood vessels, migrate along the endothelial cells, leave the circulatory system to enter the inflammatory tissue, and differentiate into macrophages. Cell migration is induced frequently by chemokines that act through G-protein-coupled receptors. Only a few cytokines signaling through single-transmembrane domain receptors have been shown to induce cell migration. Often, this potential depends on the induction of classical chemokines and is not a direct cellular effect. Here, we discovered IL-6 as a potent stimulant for monocytic cell migration. Furthermore, we present data about IL-6-induced integrin activation, cell attachment, actin polymerization, fibronectin-dependent migration, and transmigration through a layer of endothelial cells. Our results show that IL-6 fulfills all biological properties to mediate cell migration of monocytic cells, which may contribute to the proinflammatory potential of IL-6.

Key Words: IL-6 • inflammation • monocyte • cytokine




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