Journal of Leukocyte Biology
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Originally published online as doi:10.1189/jlb.1107723 on February 19, 2008

Published online before print February 19, 2008
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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2008;83:1295-1299.)
© 2008 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

Lovastatin inhibits formation of AA amyloid

J. C. H. van der Hilst*,1, B. Kluve-Beckerman{dagger}, E. J. Bodar*, J. W. M. van der Meer*, J. P. H. Drenth{ddagger} and A. Simon*,§

Departments of
* General Internal Medicine and
{ddagger} Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
{dagger} Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; and
§ National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

1Correspondence: Department of General Internal Medicine (463), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 8, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. E-mail: j.vanderhilst{at}aig.umcn.nl

ABSTRACT

Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis is a severe complication of many chronic inflammatory disorders, including the hereditary periodic fever syndromes. However, in one of these periodic fever syndromes, the hyper IgD and periodic fever syndrome, amyloidosis is rare despite vigorous, recurring inflammation. This hereditary syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene coding for mevalonate kinase, an enzyme of the isoprenoid pathway. In this study, we used a cell culture system with human monocytes to show that inhibition of the isoprenoid pathway inhibits amyloidogenesis. Inhibition of the isoprenoid pathway by lovastatin resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of amyloid formed [53% at 10 µM (P=0.01)] compared with mononuclear cells that are exposed only to serum AA. The inhibitory effects of lovastatin are reversible by addition of farnesol but not geranylgeraniol. Farnesyl transferase inhibition also inhibited amyloidogenesis. These results implicate that the isoprenoid metabolism could be a potential target for prevention and treatment of AA amyloidosis.

Key Words: amyloidosis • SAA • hyper IgD syndrome • monocyte • isoprenoid






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