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Originally published online as doi:10.1189/jlb.0707503 on September 17, 2007

Published online before print September 17, 2007
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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2008;83:229-236.)
© 2008 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

Mechanisms of eosinophil secretion: large vesiculotubular carriers mediate transport and release of granule-derived cytokines and other proteins

Rossana C. N. Melo*,{dagger},{ddagger}, Lisa A. Spencer{ddagger}, Ann M. Dvorak{dagger} and Peter F. Weller{ddagger},1

* Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; and Departments of
{dagger} Pathology and
{ddagger} Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

1 Correspondence: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue–DA 617, Boston, MA 02215, USA. E-mail: pweller{at}bidmc.harvard.edu

Eosinophils generate and store a battery of proteins, including classical cationic proteins, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Rapid secretion of these active mediators by eosinophils is central to a range of inflammatory and immunoregulatory responses. Eosinophil products are packaged within a dominant population of cytoplasmic specific granules and generally secreted by piecemeal degranulation, a process mediated by transport vesicles. Large, pleiomorphic vesiculotubular carriers were identified recently as key players for moving eosinophil proteins from granules to the plasma membrane for extracellular release. During secretion, these specialized, morphologically distinct carriers, termed eosinophil sombrero vesicles, are actively formed and direct differential and rapid release of eosinophil proteins. This review highlights recent discoveries concerning the organization of the human eosinophil secretory pathway. These discoveries are defining a broader role for large vesiculotubular carriers in the intracellular trafficking and secretion of proteins, including selective receptor-mediated mobilization and transport of cytokines.

Key Words: vesicular transport • cell biology • inflammation • piecemeal degranulation • eosinophil sombrero vesicles (EoSVs)




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