Journal of Leukocyte Biology
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Originally published online as doi:10.1189/jlb.0706474 on October 6, 2006

Published online before print October 6, 2006
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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2007;81:161-167.)
© 2007 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

Regulatory T cell-mediated suppression: potential role of ICER

Josef Bodor*,1, Zoltan Fehervari{dagger}, Betty Diamond* and Shimon Sakaguchi{ddagger}

* Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA;
{dagger} Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and
{ddagger} Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

1Correspondence: Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1130 St. Nicholas Ave., New York, NY 10032, USA. E-mail: jb2562{at}columbia.edu

How regulatory T (TR) cells dampen T cell responses remains unclear. Multiple modes of action have been proposed, including cell contact-dependent and/or cytokine-dependent mechanisms. Suppression may involve direct contact between TR cells and responder T cells. Alternatively, TR cells may act on dendritic cells to reduce their ability to prime T cells by modulating costimulation, inducing the secretion of suppressive cytokines or the increase of tryptophan metabolism. Here, we review emerging, novel mechanisms involved in contact-dependent, TR-mediated suppression of IL-2 production in responder CD25– T lymphocytes and the potential involvement of inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) in this suppression. Finally, cytokines such as TGF-ß and IL-10, produced by TR cells or other cells, may exert local suppression, which can be conveyed by basic mechanism(s) acting in a similar manner as contact-dependent, TR-mediated suppression.

Key Words: transcriptional repressor • inhibitory receptor • immune regulation




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