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Published online before print September 15, 2006

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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2006;80:1354-1363.)
© 2006 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

CD4⁺ T cells stimulate memory CD8⁺ T cell expansion via acquired pMHC I complexes and costimulatory molecules, and IL-2 secretion

Research Unit, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada

¹ Correspondence: Research Unit, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 20 Campus Dr., Saskatoon S7N 4H4, Canada. E-mail address: jxiang{at}scf.sk.ca

The rapid and efficient expansion of CD8⁺ memory T cells after the second encounter with a pathogen constitutes a hallmark trait of adaptive immunity. Yet, the contribution of CD4⁺ T cells to the expansion of memory CD8⁺ T cells remains the subject of controversy. Here, we show that, antigen-specific CD4⁺ T cells, once activated by dendritic cells (DC) in vitro, have the capacity to stimulate expansion of memory CD8⁺ T cells in vivo. The memory CD8⁺ T cell expansion triggered by active CD4⁺ T cells are mediated through DC-derived MHC I/peptide complexes and CD80 molecules displayed on the active CD4⁺ T cells, with the involvement of IL-2 secreted by the active CD4⁺ T cells. These results highlight a previously undescribed role of active CD4⁺ T cells in triggering expansion of memory CD8⁺ T cells.

Key Words: dendritic cells • CD8 memory • intracellular staining • tetramer staining • flow cytometry