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Originally published online as doi:10.1189/jlb.0306232 on August 2, 2006

Published online before print August 2, 2006
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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2006;80:753-758.)
© 2006 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

Comparative inflammatory properties of staphylococcal superantigenic enterotoxins SEA and SEG: implications for septic shock

Olivier Dauwalder*, Damien Thomas*, Tristan Ferry*, Anne-Lise Debard{dagger}, Cédric Badiou*, François Vandenesch*, Jerome Etienne*, Gerard Lina* and Guillaume Monneret*,{ddagger},1

* Université Claude Bernard, INSERM E230, IFR-62, Faculté de Médecine Laennec, Lyon, France; and
{dagger} Hospices Civils de Lyon, CH Lyon-Sud, and
{ddagger} Hôpital Neurologique, Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Lyon, France

1 Correspondence: Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Hôpital Neurologique, 59 bd Pinel, 69677 Bron Cedex, France. E-mail: guillaume.monneret{at}chu-lyon.fr

ABSTRACT

The severity of Staphylococcus aureus sepsis is positively associated with staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) and negatively associated with the enterotoxin gene cluster (egc), which encodes five staphylococcal enterotoxins [1 ]. We postulated that the variable, clinical severity of S. aureus sepsis might be a result of differences in the inflammatory properties of staphylococcal superantigens. We therefore compared the inflammatory properties of SEA with those of staphylococcal entérotoxin G (SEG), a member of the five egc superantigens. We found that SEA and SEG had similar superantigenic properties, as they induced CD69 expression on T lymphocytes and selective expansion of Vß subpopulations. Contrary to SEG, however, SEA induced a strong proinflammatory/Th1 response, including TNF-{alpha} and MIP-1{alpha} production. These results suggest that the association of SEA with the severity of S. aureus septic shock, characterized by a deleterious, inflammatory cascade, may be explained partly by the specific proinflammatory properties of this superantigen.

Key Words: superantigens • bacterial • cytokines • chemokines • Staphylococcus aureus




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