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Published online before print November 29, 2004

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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2005;77:344-351.)
© 2005 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

The CMRF58 antibody recognizes a subset of CD123^hi dendritic cells in allergen-challenged mucosa

Slavica Vuckovic^*,1, Dalia Khalil^*, Nicola Angel^*, Frode Jahnsen, Iona Hamilton^*, Amanda Boyce^*, Barry Hock and Derek N. J. Hart^*

^* Mater Medical Research Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
Institute of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; and
Hematology/Immunology Research Group, Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand

¹ Correspondence: Mater Medical Research Institute, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia. E-mail: svuckovic{at}mmri.mater.org.au

CD123^hi CD11c^– dendritic cells (CD123^hi DC) are a distinct subset of human DC present in bone marrow, blood, lymphoid organs, and peripheral tissues. Pathogen stimulation, cytokine, or CD40 ligation induces CD123^hi DC maturation, involving a shift from their innate immune to cognate antigen-presenting functions. In this study, we revealed that blood CD123^hi DC in the presence of cytokine (granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin-3) undergo progressive, step-wise maturation through an "early" stage, delineated by expression of the antigen detected by the new monoclonal antibody CMRF58 (CD123^hiCMRF58⁺CD40^–CD86^–CD83^–) to the "late" stage with costimulatory antigen expression (CD123^hiCMRF58⁺CD40⁺CD86⁺CD83^+/–). In this early stage, cytokine-maintained CD123^hi DC do not display changes in their morphology, no longer produce interferon- (IFN-) in response to bacteria, and develop the capacity to induce proliferation and polarization of allogeneic T cells. CD123^hiCMRF58⁺ DC, phenotypically similar to in vitro cytokine-maintained CD123^hi DC, were not detected in tonsil but are present in allergen-challenged nasal mucosa of allergic individuals. Thus, CD123^hi DC in certain tissue environments such as allergen-challenged nasal mucosa share a common CD123^hiCMRF58⁺ phenotype with in vitro cytokine-maintained blood CD123^hi DC characterized by lack of IFN- production.

Key Words: CD123^hi dendritic cells • mAb CMRF58 • nasal allergy

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