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Published online before print November 21, 2003
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* Graduate School of Biostudies and Institute for Virus Research and
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Japan;
Department of Microbiology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan; and
Biomedical Research Laboratories and
¶ Molecular Biology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
1 Correspondence: Graduate School of Biostudies and Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Shogoin Kawahara-cho 53, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. E-mail: syonehar{at}virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Direct contacts between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells or natural killer T (NKT) cells play important roles in primary and secondary immune responses. SR-PSOX/CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16), which is selectively expressed on DCs and macrophages, is a scavenger receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein and also the chemokine ligand for a G protein-coupled receptor CXC chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6), expressed on activated T cells and NKT cells. SR-PSOX/CXCL16 is the second transmembrane-type chemokine with a chemokine domain fused to a mucin-like stalk, a structure very similar to that of fractalkine (FNK). Here, we demonstrate that SR-PSOX/CXCL16 functions as a cell adhesion molecule for cells expressing CXCR6 in the same manner that FNK functions as a cell adhesion molecule for cells expressing CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) without requiring CX3CR1-mediated signal transduction or integrin activation. The chemokine domain of SR-PSOX/CXCL16 mediated the adhesion of CXCR6-expressing cells, which was not impaired by treatment with pertussis toxin, a G
i protein blocker, which inhibited chemotaxis of CXCR6-expressing cells induced by SR-PSOX/CXCL16. Furthermore, the adhesion activity was up-regulated by treatment of SR-PSOX/CXCL16-expressing cells with a metalloprotease inhibitor, which increased surface expression levels of SR-PSOX/CXCL16. Thus, SR-PSOX/CXCL16 is a unique molecule that not only attracts T cells and NKT cells toward DCs but also supports their firm adhesion to DCs.
Key Words: scavenger receptor metalloprotease T cells
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