| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
* Departments of Pathology and
Neurology, University of Regensburg, Germany
Correspondence: Herbert Schwarz, Xenova Research Ltd., 310 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 OWG, U.K. E-mail: herbert_schwarz{at}xenova.co.uk
CD137, a member of the TNF receptor family, and its ligand are expressed on T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells (APC), respectively. During interaction with APC, T lymphocytes receive a potent, costimulatory signal through CD137. Reverse signaling has been demonstrated for the CD137 ligand, which causes activation in monocytes. Here we show that B lymphocytes also receive costimulatory signals through the CD137 ligand. Immobilized CD137 augmented proliferation of preactivated B lymphocytes up to fivefold and immunoglobulin synthesis, up to threefold. CD137 had no effect on resting cells. Further, we show that CD137 is expressed in vivo by follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in germinal centers. Germinal centers form during humoral immune responses and are essential for B lymphocyte affinity maturation. These data imply that, similar to the CD40 receptor/ligand system, which mediates T lymphocyte help to B lymphocytes after the first antigen encounter, the CD137 receptor/ligand system may mediate costimulation of B lymphocytes by FDC during affinity maturation.
Key Words: antigen-presenting cells • hematoxylin/eosin • Staphylococcus aureus
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. Jiang, Y. Chen, and H. Schwarz CD137 Induces Proliferation of Murine Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells and Differentiation to Macrophages J. Immunol., September 15, 2008; 181(6): 3923 - 3932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. S. Olofsson, L. A. Soderstrom, D. Wagsater, Y. Sheikine, P. Ocaya, F. Lang, C. Rabu, L. Chen, M. Rudling, P. Aukrust, et al. CD137 Is Expressed in Human Atherosclerosis and Promotes Development of Plaque Inflammation in Hypercholesterolemic Mice Circulation, March 11, 2008; 117(10): 1292 - 1301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Sun and P. J. Fink A New Class of Reverse Signaling Costimulators Belongs to the TNF Family J. Immunol., October 1, 2007; 179(7): 4307 - 4312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Drenkard, F. M. Becke, J. Langstein, T. Spruss, L. A. Kunz-Schughart, T. E. Tan, Y. C. Lim, and H. Schwarz CD137 is expressed on blood vessel walls at sites of inflammation and enhances monocyte migratory activity FASEB J, February 1, 2007; 21(2): 456 - 463. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Sun, S. E. Blink, J. H. Chen, and Y.-X. Fu Regulation of Follicular Dendritic Cell Networks by Activated T Cells: The Role of CD137 Signaling J. Immunol., July 15, 2005; 175(2): 884 - 890. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Schwarz Biological activities of reverse signal transduction through CD137 ligand J. Leukoc. Biol., March 1, 2005; 77(3): 281 - 286. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kirchner, S. Boldt, W. Kolch, S. Haffner, S. Kazak, P. Janosch, E. Holler, R. Andreesen, and G. Eissner LPS resistance in monocytic cells caused by reverse signaling through transmembrane TNF (mTNF) is mediated by the MAPK/ERK pathway J. Leukoc. Biol., February 1, 2004; 75(2): 324 - 331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
