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* Departments of Microbiology,
Internal Medicine, and
Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, The University of Iowa and Iowa City VAMC, Iowa City
Correspondence: Dr. Gail A. Bishop, Dept. of Microbiology, 3-570 Bowen Science Bldg., The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. E-mail: gail-bishop{at}uiowa.edu
A key component of signaling by members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) family is interaction with the cytoplasmic adapter proteins known as TRAFs. Several proteins encoded by microbes also interact with TRAFs. A notable example is the CD40 receptor, expressed on antigen presenting cells and providing key activation signals in T cell-dependent B cell activation. CD40 signals to B cells are mimicked by a constitutively active viral protein produced by the Epstein-Barr virus. For each of these receptors, multiple mechanisms of TRAF regulation contribute to signal transduction and the ultimate effect on the B cell. Recent findings concerning these regulatory mechanisms are summarized in this overview.
Key Words: TNF • TNF-R family • EBV • lymphocyte activation • signal transduction
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M. E. Munroe and G. A. Bishop A Costimulatory Function for T Cell CD40 J. Immunol., January 15, 2007; 178(2): 671 - 682. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. P. Miller, J. E. Stadanlick, and M. P. Cancro Space, Selection, and Surveillance: Setting Boundaries with BLyS. J. Immunol., June 1, 2006; 176(11): 6405 - 6410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. K. A. Mongini, J. K. Inman, H. Han, R. J. Fattah, S. B. Abramson, and M. Attur APRIL and BAFF Promote Increased Viability of Replicating Human B2 Cells via Mechanism Involving Cyclooxygenase 2. J. Immunol., June 1, 2006; 176(11): 6736 - 6751. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Xie, B. S. Hostager, M. E. Munroe, C. R. Moore, and G. A. Bishop Cooperation between TNF Receptor-Associated Factors 1 and 2 in CD40 Signaling J. Immunol., May 1, 2006; 176(9): 5388 - 5400. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. Wu, P. Xie, K. Welsh, C. Li, C.-Z. Ni, X. Zhu, J. C. Reed, A. C. Satterthwait, G. A. Bishop, and K. R. Ely LMP1 Protein from the Epstein-Barr Virus Is a Structural CD40 Decoy in B Lymphocytes for Binding to TRAF3 J. Biol. Chem., September 30, 2005; 280(39): 33620 - 33626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. E. Munroe and G. A. Bishop Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor-associated Factor 2 (TRAF2) in Distinct and Overlapping CD40 and TNF Receptor 2/CD120b-mediated B Lymphocyte Activation J. Biol. Chem., December 17, 2004; 279(51): 53222 - 53231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Xie and G. A. Bishop Roles of TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3 in Signaling to B Lymphocytes by Carboxyl-Terminal Activating Regions 1 and 2 of the EBV-Encoded Oncoprotein Latent Membrane Protein 1 J. Immunol., November 1, 2004; 173(9): 5546 - 5555. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 P. Xie, B. S. Hostager, and G. A. Bishop Requirement for TRAF3 in Signaling by LMP1 But Not CD40 in B Lymphocytes J. Exp. Med., March 1, 2004; 199(5): 661 - 671. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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