* Department of Immunology, Parasitology and Ultrastructure, Vlaams Interuniversitair Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; and
Department of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa
Correspondence: Dr. Gholamreza Hassanzadeh Gh., Cellular Immunology Unit, Vlaams Interuniversitair Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Paardenstraat 65, B-1640 Sint-Genesius-Rode, Belgium. E-mail: reza{at}bigben.vub.ac.be
Alternatively activated macrophages (aaM
) display molecular and biological characteristics that differ from those of classically activated macrophages (caM). Recently, we described an experimental model of murine trypanosomosis in which the early stage of infection of mice with a Trypanosoma brucei brucei variant is characterized by the development of caM, whereas in the late and chronic stages of infection, aaM develop. In the present study, we used suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) to identify genes that are expressed differentially in aaM versus caM elicited during infection with this T. b. brucei variant. We show that FIZZ1 and Ym1 are induced strongly in in vivo- and in vitro-elicited aaM as compared with caM. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the in vivo induction of FIZZ1 and Ym1 in macrophages depends on IL-4 and that in vitro, IFN-
antagonizes the effect of IL-4 on the expression of FIZZ1 and Ym1. Collectively, these results open perspectives for new insights into the functional properties of aaM and establish FIZZ1 and Ym1 as markers for aaM.
Key Words: trypanosoma • peritoneal exudates • subtracted cDNA • RELM
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