* Inserm U404, Lyon Cedex, France; and
Schering-Plough, Laboratory for Immunological Research, Dardilly, France
Correspondence: Dr. C. Caux, Schering-Plough, Laboratory for Immunological Research, 27 chemin des Peupliers, BP 11, 69571 Dardilly, France. E-mail: christophe.caux{at}spcorp.com
In this study, we investigate whether dendritic cells (DC), known to
interact directly with T and B cells, might also contribute to the
recruitment of B cells through the production of chemotactic factors.
We found that B cells responded to several chemokines (CXCL12, CCL19,
CCL20, and CCL21), which can be produced by DC upon activation. In
addition, supernatant from DC (SNDC) potently and selectively attracted
naive and memory B cells but not germinal center (GC) B cells or other
lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+ T cells or NK cells).
Production of this activity was restricted to DC and was not increased
following DC activation by LPS or CD40 ligand. Surprisingly, the
B-cell chemotactic response to SNDC was insensitive to
pertussis toxin treatment. In addition, the chemotactic factor(s)
appeared resistant to protease digestion and highly sensitive to heat.
This suggested that the DC chemotactic factor(s) is different from
classical chemoattractants and does not involve G
i
proteins on the responding B lymphocytes. It is interesting that SNDC
was able to synergize with several chemokines to induce massive
migration of B lymphocytes. These observations show that DC
spontaneously produce factors that, alone or in cooperation with
chemokines, specifically regulate B-cell migration, suggesting a key
role of DC in the recruitment or localization of B lymphocytes within
secondary lymphoid organs.
Key Words: B lymphocytes • germinal center • T cells • B cells • chemokine
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