* Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, and
Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, México City, Mexico; and
DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California 94304
Correspondence: Moisés Selman, M.D., Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI México DF, CP 14080, Mexico. E-mail: mselman{at}conacyt.mx
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a lung inflammatory disorder characterized by accumulation of T lymphocytes. However, the mechanisms implicated in this process remain undefined. We examined the expression of dendritic cell (DC)-derived CC chemokine 1 (CK1)/CCL18, a chemokine putatively involved in naive T cell recruitment, in lungs from 10 patients with HP, 9 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and 20 healthy lungs. CCL18 was measured by real-time quantitative PCR and localized in lungs by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. CCL18 expression was significantly increased in lungs affected by HP in comparison with lungs affected by IPF (2,085±393 vs. 1,023±110; P<0.05) and controls (2,085±393 vs. 467±94; P<0.01). Macrophages, DCs, and alveolar epithelial cells were the main sources of CCL18. There was a direct correlation between the levels of tissue CCL18 and the number of lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. High levels of CCL18 were detected in the subacute rather than the chronic phase of HP. These findings suggest a role for CCL18 in the pathogenesis of HP.
Key Words: chemokines • T lymphocytes • cell trafficking • allergic alveolitis
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  H.-B. Kim, C.-K. Kim, K. Iijima, T. Kobayashi, and H. Kita Protein Microarray Analysis in Patients With Asthma: Elevation of the Chemokine PARC/CCL18 in Sputum Chest, February 1, 2009; 135(2): 295 - 302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Pochetuhen, I. G. Luzina, V. Lockatell, J. Choi, N. W. Todd, and S. P. Atamas Complex Regulation of Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis by CCL18 Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 2007; 171(2): 428 - 437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Wimmer, S. K. Khaldoyanidi, M. Judex, N. Serobyan, R. G. DiScipio, and I. U. Schraufstatter CCL18/PARC stimulates hematopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures indirectly through its effect on monocytes Blood, December 1, 2006; 108(12): 3722 - 3729. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. G. Luzina, K. Highsmith, K. Pochetuhen, N. Nacu, J. N. Rao, and S. P. Atamas PKC{alpha} Mediates CCL18-Stimulated Collagen Production in Pulmonary Fibroblasts Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., September 1, 2006; 35(3): 298 - 305. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. d. Nadai, A.-S. Charbonnier, C. Chenivesse, S. Senechal, C. Fournier, J. Gilet, H. Vorng, Y. Chang, P. Gosset, B. Wallaert, et al. Involvement of CCL18 in Allergic Asthma J. Immunol., May 15, 2006; 176(10): 6286 - 6293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Kulka, N. Fukuishi, M. Rottem, Y. A. Mekori, and D. D. Metcalfe Mast cells, which interact with Escherichia coli, up-regulate genes associated with innate immunity and become less responsive to Fc{epsilon}RI-mediated activation J. Leukoc. Biol., February 1, 2006; 79(2): 339 - 350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Schutyser, A. Richmond, and J. Van Damme Involvement of CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) in normal and pathological processes J. Leukoc. Biol., July 1, 2005; 78(1): 14 - 26. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. van der Voort, M. Kramer, E. Lindhout, R. Torensma, D. Eleveld, A. W. T. van Lieshout, M. Looman, T. Ruers, T. R. D. J. Radstake, C. G. Figdor, et al. Novel monoclonal antibodies detect elevated levels of the chemokine CCL18/DC-CK1 in serum and body fluids in pathological conditions J. Leukoc. Biol., May 1, 2005; 77(5): 739 - 747. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Gunther, C. Bello-Fernandez, T. Kopp, J. Kund, N. Carballido-Perrig, S. Hinteregger, S. Fassl, C. Schwarzler, G. Lametschwandtner, G. Stingl, et al. CCL18 Is Expressed in Atopic Dermatitis and Mediates Skin Homing of Human Memory T Cells J. Immunol., February 1, 2005; 174(3): 1723 - 1728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Pivarcsi, M. Gombert, M.-C. Dieu-Nosjean, A. Lauerma, R. Kubitza, S. Meller, J. Rieker, A. Muller, L. Da Cunha, A. Haahtela, et al. CC Chemokine Ligand 18, An Atopic Dermatitis-Associated and Dendritic Cell-Derived Chemokine, Is Regulated by Staphylococcal Products and Allergen Exposure J. Immunol., November 1, 2004; 173(9): 5810 - 5817. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. G. Boot, M. Verhoek, M. de Fost, C. E. M. Hollak, M. Maas, B. Bleijlevens, M. J. van Breemen, M. van Meurs, L. A. Boven, J. D. Laman, et al. Marked elevation of the chemokine CCL18/PARC in Gaucher disease: a novel surrogate marker for assessing therapeutic intervention Blood, January 1, 2004; 103(1): 33 - 39. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. P. Atamas, I. G. Luzina, J. Choi, N. Tsymbalyuk, N. H. Carbonetti, I. S. Singh, M. Trojanowska, S. A. Jimenez, and B. White Pulmonary and Activation-Regulated Chemokine Stimulates Collagen Production in Lung Fibroblasts Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., December 1, 2003; 29(6): 743 - 749. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Struyf, E. Schutyser, M. Gouwy, K. Gijsbers, P. Proost, Y. Benoit, G. Opdenakker, J. Van Damme, and G. Laureys PARC/CCL18 Is a Plasma CC Chemokine with Increased Levels in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Am. J. Pathol., November 1, 2003; 163(5): 2065 - 2075. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Senechal, P. de Nadai, N. Ralainirina, A. Scherpereel, H. Vorng, P. Lassalle, A.-B. Tonnel, A. Tsicopoulos, and B. Wallaert Effect of Diesel on Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors Involved in Helper T Cell Type 1/Type 2 Recruitment in Patients with Asthma Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 15, 2003; 168(2): 215 - 221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Vulcano, S. Struyf, P. Scapini, M. Cassatella, S. Bernasconi, R. Bonecchi, A. Calleri, G. Penna, L. Adorini, W. Luini, et al. Unique Regulation of CCL18 Production by Maturing Dendritic Cells J. Immunol., April 1, 2003; 170(7): 3843 - 3849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Schutyser, S. Struyf, P. Proost, G. Opdenakker, G. Laureys, B. Verhasselt, L. Peperstraete, I. Van de Putte, A. Saccani, P. Allavena, et al. Identification of Biologically Active Chemokine Isoforms from Ascitic Fluid and Elevated Levels of CCL18/Pulmonary and Activation-regulated Chemokine in Ovarian Carcinoma J. Biol. Chem., June 28, 2002; 277(27): 24584 - 24593. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
