Journal of Leukocyte Biology
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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2001;70:551-558.)
© 2001 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom regulates macrophage metabolism and function

S. C. Sampaio*, M. C. C. Sousa-e-Silva*, P. Borelli2, R. Curi3 and Y. Cury*

* Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Butantan Institute;
{dagger} Laboratory of Haematology, Department of Clinical Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutics Science; and
{ddagger} Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil

Correspondence: Prof. Y. Cury, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, Brazil. E-mail: yarac{at}attglobal.net

In the present study, we examined the effect of Crotalus durissus terrificus venom on rat macrophage metabolism and function. Two hours after subcutaneous injection of the venom, peritoneal resident (unstimulated), elicited (thioglycollate-stimulated), and activated Mycobacterium bovis strain bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) macrophages were collected, and their functional and metabolic parameters were analyzed. The venom inhibited spreading and phagocytosis of macrophages. On the other hand, this treatment increased H2O2 and NO production, candidacidal activity, and the activities of key enzymes of glycolysis and glutaminolysis. We also investigated whether the venom could affect macrophage activation by thioglycollate or BCG. The administration of venom 2 h before injection of thioglycollate and BCG or 2 or 3 days after injection of the thioglycollate or BCG, respectively, did not modify the previous observations. These findings suggest that crotalic venom leads the macrophage to an activated state, with high production of oxygen- and nitrogen-reactive species. This cell activation state does not include inflammatory properties of spreading and phagocytosis.

Key Words: glycolysis • glutaminolysis Krebs cycle • phagocytosis • nitric oxide • oxidative metabolism • candidacidal activity




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