Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
Correspondence: Dr. Zhongyun Dong, Department of Cancer Biology, Box 173, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030. E-mail: zdong{at}notes.mdacc.tmc.edu
Phospholipase activities are thought to be involved in the activation
of macrophages by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Because our previous
studies showed that the synthetic lipopeptide JBT3002 might activate
macrophages via signaling pathways similar to those used by LPS, we
investigated whether phospholipase activities are required for
activation of macrophages by JBT3002. Treatment of RAW264.7 murine
macrophage-like cells with JBT3002 stimulated expression of both
inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-
(TNF-
) in a dose-dependent manner. The JBT3002-induced production of
nitric oxide and TNF-
was significantly inhibited by
tricyclodecan-9-yl xanthogenate (D609), a selective inhibitor of
phosphatidylcholine (PC)-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC).
JBT3002-induced expression of steady-state mRNA for both iNOS and
TNF-
was inhibited by D609. Cells treated with JBT3002 had greater
production of diacylglycerol (DAG) in 2 min, which lasted for at least
30 min and could be blocked by D609. Activation of RAW264.7 cells was
not affected by butanol, a PC-specific phospholipase D inhibitor, and
treatment with JBT3002 did not affect phosphatidic acid formation.
RAW264.7 cells treated with DAG analogue
1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol, in the presence of
interferon-
, produced TNF-
. These results suggested that
activation of RAW264.7 cells by JBT3002 requires PC-PLC
activity.
Key Words: signal transduction immunomodulator nitric oxide tumor necrosis factor 
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