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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2001;69:405-413.)
© 2001 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

CD86 expression correlates with amounts of HIV produced by macrophages in vitro

Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

Correspondence: Dr. Dorothy E. Lewis, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room BCMM-M929, Houston, TX 77030-3498. E-mail: dlewis{at}bcm.tmc.edu

Primary macrophages from different donors produce variable levels of HIV; however, the mechanisms are unclear. We tested whether variations in cell-surface or cell-cycle characteristics influenced HIV production. We found that greater basal proliferation of the macrophages prior to infection resulted in more arrested in G₂M 3 days post-infection (r²=0.7, P<0.04). Likewise, the number of G₂M-arrested macrophages correlated with p24 production (r²=0.78, P<0.02) and apoptosis (r²=0.67, P<0.05) later in the infection. Serum-starvation or reduction, which limit HIV spread, reduced G₂M arrest and HIV amounts. Surprisingly, the amount of HIV produced correlated with expression levels of the costimulating ligand, CD86, but not with other important molecules, including class II, CD40, or CD54 (r²=0.96, P<0.0005). These data establish donor characteristics related to variable HIV production in vitro and suggest that altered expression of costimulatory ligands may influence HIV production in vivo.

Key Words: G₂M arrest • apoptosis • p24 antigen

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