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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2000;68:167-174.)
© 2000 by Society for Leukocyte Biology

Alloreactivity and apoptosis in graft rejection and transplantation tolerance

Institute of Immunology, University of Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany

Correspondence: Nicholas Zavazava, MD, and Dieter Kabelitz, MD, Institute of Immunology, University of Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany. E-mail: MACROBUTTON HtmlResAnchor zavazava{at}immunologie.uni-kiel.de and kabelitz{at}immunologie.uni-kiel.de

Weissmann wrote as early as 1889 that higher organisms contain within themselves the germs of death [¹ ]. However, the term, programmed cell death, or apoptosis as it is now known, was defined much later [² ]. Thus, it was long recognized that damaged and old cells are eliminated within the body, but the underlying mechanisms are only now beginning to emerge. Apoptosis appears central to the process of negative selection of developing T-cells in the thymus. In regard to organ transplantation, apoptosis contributes to graft rejection and the establishment of graft tolerance. Thus, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of apoptosis may help establish a new protocol for the induction of transplantation tolerance.

Key Words: programmed cell death • soluble MHC • peripheral tolerance • Fas/CD95 • Fas-ligand(FasL)/CD95-L

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